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The COVID-19 pandemic situation affected population health and lifestyle not only for a short period but also long period. Long COVID symptoms is a long-term illness after COVID condition. Long COVID symptoms greatly affected to quality of life of patients. Massage is a unique treatment form of alternative medicine that can promote health in various dimensions. From the previous studies, massage has affected to Long COVID mechanism via anti-inflammatory process, immune system enhancing process, and hormone level balancing that related to Long COVID symptoms as well as being able to reduce the symptoms of the long COVID symptoms. The study about the efficacy and safety of massage against Long COVID symptoms is the essential approach to increase the value of massage and develop health services in the future.
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Objectives: This scoping review aimed to determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic influenced any modifications to patient selection methods or prioritisation and services provided by proton therapy centres. Method(s): This review was conducted based on the PRISMA methodology and Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review guidelines.1,2 A literature search was performed in Medline, Embase, Web Of Science and Scopus as well as grey literature. Keywords including "COVID-19" and "Proton Therapy" were used. Articles published from 1 January 2020 in English were included. In total, 138 studies were identified of which 14 articles met the inclusion criteria. A scoping review design was chosen to capture the full extent of information published relating to the aim. Result(s): Six of 14 articles included statements regarding treatment of COVID-19 patients. Three publications recommended deferred or alternative treatment, two indicated to treat urgent/emergency patients and one reported continuous treatment for infectious patients. Recurring impacts on PT provision included more frequent use of alternative therapies, reduced referrals, delayed treatment starts and CT simulation, change in treatment volume and staffing limitations due to pandemic restrictions. Consequently, telehealth consults, remote work, reduction in patient visitors, screening procedures and rigorous cleaning protocols were recommended. Discussion/Conclusion: Few publications detailed patient selection or workflow methods used during the pandemic. Further research is needed to obtain more detailed information regarding current global patient selection methods in proton therapy, collecting this data could aid in future planning for proton therapy in Australia.
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OBJECTIVE: Patients with gynecological cancer commonly use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) methods to cope with the disease. However, despite the existence of treatment strategies, the effect of fear and anxiety caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on attitudes about CAM use is unclear. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of fear and anxiety experienced by patients with gynecological cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic on their attitudes towards the use of CAM. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study that included 177 women with gynecological cancer; participants were recruited from a social networking site for cancer patients in Turkey between June and December 2021. Data were collected using an online survey that included the Personal Information Form, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and the Attitude Towards Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Scale. Descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson's correlation test, and simple linear and multiple regression analyses were performed to analyze the data. RESULTS: During the pandemic, 55.4% of the participants reported using CAM methods, but only 22.6% were using CAM before the pandemic. The participants who used CAM during the pandemic also scored higher on the fear of COVID-19 and coronavirus anxiety scales (20.69 ± 5.37 and 13.09 ± 6.29, respectively) compared to the participants who did not use CAM (9.29 ± 2.72 and 6.35 ± 2.06, respectively). Fear of COVID-19 accounted for 52% of the CAM attitude score, while coronavirus anxiety accounted for 15% of the CAM attitude score. Fear of COVID-19 and coronavirus anxiety together accounted for 53% of CAM attitude. CONCLUSION: Gynecological cancer patients with high levels of COVID-19-related anxiety and fear during the pandemic used CAM more. Given that the psychological effects of the pandemic will continue in the coming years, CAM use should be evaluated as a coping strategy, especially due to the COVID-19-related anxiety and fear experienced by patients with gynecological cancer. While the rational and effective CAM methods should be supported, strategies should be developed to prevent misuse of CAM and its interference in prescribed medical treatments. Please cite this article as: Uslu-Sahan F, Yesilcinar I, Kurt G, Hancer E, Guvenc G. Effects of COVID-19 fear and anxiety on attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicine use in women with gynecological cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(4): 377-384.
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There has been significant research and therapeutic activity within the healthcare sector in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In the United States, a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatment regimen for improving patients' immune systems against COVID-19 prophylaxis includes excess zinc, vitamin C, and vitamin D supplementation administered over a seven-day period. Despite the fact that zinc and other mineral supplements are becoming increasingly popular in Western culture, clinical research on CAM remains limited. This case series examines three patients treated with a surplus of zinc tablets for COVID-19 prophylaxis who presented with moderate-to-severe hypoglycemia. Varying amounts of glucose were administered to these patients to offset their low blood sugar levels. Medical staff noted a positive Whipple's triad in two of the patients but observed no other abnormalities in the laboratory values. All three patients were instructed to cease zinc tablet intake upon discharge. Our findings raise awareness of the potential dangers associated with mineral supplements and serve as a warning for those seeking CAM treatment options.
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Intro: Oral antiviral agents with differing modes of action are now available for the treatment of COVID-19. However, potentially life-threatening drug-drug interactions (DDIs) may occur if patients' underlying co-morbidities are treated with medications that are contraindicated with ritonavir-containing antivirals. This study evaluated the prevalence and severity of potential DDIs (pDDIs) with ritonavir-containing COVID-19 oral antiviral therapy among the Australian population. Method(s): Adult patients supplied with >=1 medication between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2019, were identified in the PBS10 dataset, a longitudinal, random 10% sample of the national Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) data for supplied prescriptions. Patients receiving medications that have pDDIs with a ritonavir-containing COVID-19 antiviral treatment were classified as the pDDI group, using data sources from University of Liverpool, Lexicomp, or the US Food and Drugs Administration. Finding(s): Over 1,434,000 patients in the PBS10 were supplied with >=1 medication during the study period. The majority (58.8%) had been prescribed at least one medication with pDDI with ritonavir-containing treatment. Among all patients with pDDIs, 43.3% of them were major or contraindicated, followed by moderate (15.1%), and minor pDDIs (1.9%). Patients with cancer had the highest prevalence of contraindicated or major pDDIs (79.5%), followed by dementia and/or Alzheimer's (77.2%), and diabetes (73.8%). Elderly patients (>=60 years old) also had a higher prevalence of contradicted or major pDDI (65.4%) than the general patient population. Conclusion(s): Our results demonstrated that one-third of the Australian adult population in the PBS10 dataset may be classified as contraindicated with ritonavir-containing COVID-19 therapies. The prevalence of pDDI is much higher in elderly patients and in patients with certain co-morbidities. Health care providers will need to evaluate patients carefully should they be eligible for COVID-19 oral antiviral treatments. Alternative therapies should be considered as patients may be precluded from being treated with ritonavir-containing therapies owing to pDDIs.Copyright © 2023
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Alternative medicine (AM) is one of the medical fields that use more natural and traditional therapies for disease diagnosis and treatment, in which traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) now has been recognized as one of the main approaches of AM. As a clinical and evidencedriven discipline with long histories, AM is also heavily relied on in the utilization of big healthcare and therapeutic data for improving the capability of diagnosis and treatment. In particular, artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely adopted in AM to deliver more practical and feasible intelligent solutions for clinical operations since 1970s. This chapter summarizes the main approaches, related typical applications, and future directions of AI in AM to give related researchers a brief useful reference. We find that although AM has not been widely used in clinical practice internationally, the AI studies showed abundant experiences and technique trials in expert system, machine learning, data mining, knowledge graph, and deep learning. In addition, various types of data, such as bibliographic literatures, electronic medical records, and images were used in the related AI tasks and studies. Furthermore, during this COVID-19 pandemic era, we have witnessed the clinical effectiveness of TCM for COVID-19 treatment, which mostly was detected by real-world data mining applications. This indicates the potential opportunity of the booming of AI research and applications in various aspects (e.g., effective clinical therapy discovery and network pharmacology of AM drugs) in AM fields. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.
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Objective To analyze the composition and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory pathogens in hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infections in Huairou district before and after the outbreak of corona virus disease 2019（COVID-19）. Methods Respiratory specimens were collected from hospitalized patients who met the case definition in Huairou district during the period of January 2018 and December 2021. The samples were tested for influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus, metapneumovirus, coronavirus, rhinovirus, bocavirus, enterovirus, mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydophila pneumoniae and other respiratory pathogens by using ABI 7500 real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay. Results From January 2018 to December 2021, a total of 1 148 samples were tested and the overall positive rate was 24. 65%（283cases）. The positive detection rate after the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020-2021（79/522） was significantly lower than that before the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2018-2019（204/626）（15. 13% vs 32. 59%, χ~2=46. 683, P＜0. 01）. The positive rates in children aged 0-＜2 years and 2-＜5 years after the outbreak of COVID-19were 46. 15% and 45. 45% respectively, were significantly higher than those in other age groups （χ~2=73. 053,P＜0. 01）. Mycoplasma pneumoniae（12. 75%）, enterovirus（10. 29%） and adenovirus（10. 29%） were the top three pathogens before the outbreak, while, after the outbreak, the top three pathogens were syncytial virus（21. 52%）, parainfluenza（17. 72%） and rhinovirus（17. 72%）. In Huairou district, the detection rate of respiratory pathogens peaked in winter, there was also a small peak in summer. Conclusion After the outbreak of COVID-19, children under 5 years old are still the main population for respiratory infection control. The change of pathogen spectrum before and after the outbreak of covid-19 is helpful for clinician to recognize and diagnose the disease.
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Objective To develop a novel gold immunochromatographic double antibody sandwich assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen, and to evaluate the performance of major reagents. Methods Potassium carbonate, large colloidal gold and SARS-CoV-2 antibody were used to prepare colloidal gold antibody markers, SARS-CoV-2 antibody concentration was optimized to prepare the binding pad, SARS-CoV-2 antibody and goat anti-mouse IgG were coated on nitrocellulose membrane as detection line and quality control line, according to the process requirements to assembly the assay. The minimum detection limit, cross-reactivity, accelerated stability test and clinical evaluation of the antigen detection reagent were determined. Results The minimum detection limit of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated virus was 3. 3×10~2 TCID50/ml, and no cross-reaction was found in the samples containing 10 common pathogens. The results of 37 °C high temperature accelerated test for 28 d showed high stability of the reagent. The sensitivity, specificity and total coincidence rate were 92. 00%, 100. 00% and 98. 67% and the Kappa value of concordance test was 0. 939, P＜0. 01. Conclusion The developed antigen detection assay has high sensitivity and specificity, which is also simple to operate in a short time. It can be used as a rapid detection method for large-scale screening of novel coronavirus.
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Purpose: Disability in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is known to be largely due to pain, the mechanism of which is complex and multidimensional with alterations in nociceptive processing in the peripheral and central nervous system (CNS) leading to persistent pain. Current clinical practice guidelines for KOA provide strong recommendations for education and exercise including land-based or mind-body approaches. However, individually these strategies are only moderately effective. One potential reason for this is a lack of understanding of their underlying mechanisms and how their combination might impact nervous system modulation. Neuromuscular exercise is known to improve lower extremity strength. Mind-body approaches as well as pain neuroscience education (PNE) are uniquely positioned to potentially reverse CNS adaptations by inducing positive neuroplastic changes and improving descending modulation of pain resulting in decreased pain. To our knowledge, neuromuscular exercise, mind-body techniques, and PNE have not been studied in combination. We therefore aimed to establish the feasibility of an intervention consisting of these three elements referred to as Pain Informed Movement (PIM). The results of this study will inform necessary modifications for a two-arm pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT). Method(s): This study was a single-arm feasibility trial with a nested qualitative component and the primary feasibility outcome of complete follow up. Inclusion criteria: age >= 40 years, KOA clinical diagnosis or people fulfilling the NICE diagnostic criteria, and average pain intensity >=3/10 on the numeric pain rating scale. PIM consisted of twice weekly in-person exercise sessions and a third home exercise session for 8 weeks. In addition, PNE, provided as online videos, covered the following topics: purpose of pain, neurophysiological changes associated with pain, movement guidelines when pain persists, mind-body techniques to impact neurophysiology and support moving with ease that included breath awareness and regulation, muscle tension regulation, awareness of pain related thoughts and emotions, and relaxation. The mind-body techniques and the PNE topics were implemented during the group exercise sessions that included evidence-based neuromuscular exercises aimed at improving sensorimotor control and functionality of the knee joint. Participants completed questionnaires and in-person assessments at baseline and at program completion. Assessments included weight and height, chair stands as a measure of functional leg strength, and conditioned pain modulation to assess efficiency of the descending modulatory pathways. Participants also had their blood drawn to monitor changes in brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a marker of neuroplasticity. Questionnaires included the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score - function and pain subscales, Chronic Pain Self Efficacy scale, pain intensity rated in the past 24 hours, the past week, and worst pain in the past 24 hours. Secondary feasibility outcomes included acceptability of the intervention, burden of assessments, recruitment rate, compliance rate, adherence rate, and self-reported adverse events. Feasibility findings were evaluated against a-priori success criteria. In the qualitative component, participants were invited to an online focus group and were asked about their experience and perceptions of the program. Interview recordings were analyzed using thematic content analysis to identify suggestions for program modification. Result(s): In total, 19 participants (mean age 63.3 years (SD 10.5), 73% female) were enrolled, with a complete follow up rate of 74% (n=14) for our primary objective, indicating that modifications would be needed to proceed. Of the 5 dropouts, only one was study related. We will be adding additional inclusion criteria of: ability to get up and down from the floor independently, and no use of mobility aids. Adherence to in-person treatment sessions was 91%, hich indicates proceeding with the protocol for the next phase (i.e., pilot RCT). Some absences were due to unmodifiable factors (e.g., COVID-19). We will make protocol amendments for the purpose of improving the adherence rate to include 'no planned absences'. All other success criteria were met: recruitment rate, compliance to exercise sessions, program acceptability, duration, frequency, and delivery, likelihood of recommending the program to others and taking the program again, burden, and adverse events (Table 1). Analysis of the focus groups revealed that the video content pertaining to the mind-body techniques would benefit from on screen demonstrations by the instructor to assist with participants' execution of breath and muscle tension regulation. The majority of participants improved in most of the physical assessment outcomes and questionnaires (Table 2). Conclusion(s): The PIM program is feasible, acceptable, not burdensome, does not cause adverse events, and had an excellent compliance rate. Minor modifications are needed to optimize enrolment and adherence rates. Although improvements in pain, function, and psychological measures were observed, the feasibility nature of this study precludes any conclusions regarding efficacy. A pilot two-arm RCT will be conducted to establish the feasibility and explore potential effects of PIM when compared to conventional neuromuscular exercise and standard OA education. [Formula presented] [Formula presented]Copyright © 2023
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Objective To compare the performance of two qPCR instruments in detecting SARS-CoV-2 virus in the nasopharyngeal swab samples of suspected COVID-19 isolated individuals in Jinghu district Wuhu city.Methods A total of 151 nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from individuals with suspected COVID-19isolated during January 2021 and July 2022 at a quarantine site in the Jinghu district. Nucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2virus was quantified parallelly using ABIQ5 real-time fluorescence quantitative analyzer（Q5 analyzer） and Bole CFX96 fluorescence quantitative PCR analyzer（Bole analyzer） in the laboratory. Q5 analyzer was used as the reference instrument, while Bole analyzer was used as an experimental instrument. The detection results of N gene, ORF1ab fragment and CT value of the two RT-PCR machines were analyzed and compared using paired four grid test, Spearman test and paired sample t-test in SPSS 22 statistical software. Results The results of 151samples for different target genes tested by two instruments were in good agreement（N gene: Kappa=1, P＜0. 05;ORF1ab fragment: Kappa=0. 972, P＜0. 05）. The inter-batch repeatability rates were 4. 01% and 3. 04%for N gene and ORF fragment of the same batch positive quality controls by Q5 analyzer, and were 4. 90% and 3. 57% by Bole analyzer. The intra batch repeatability rates of the two instruments at different hole locations were similar, and CV values were less than 3%. The results of 23 positive samples showed that the differences in CT values of N gene（29. 38±7. 22） and ORF1ab（30. 83±6. 27） detected by Q5 analyzer were statistically significant（t=2. 765, P＜0. 05）, while the differences in CT values of N gene（29. 58±7. 27） and ORF1ab（30. 77±8. 02） detected by Bole analyzer were not statistically significant（t=1. 753, P＞0. 05）. The correlation coefficients of CT values of different target genes detected by the two instruments were rN=0. 960 and rORF=0. 865, showing correlated CT values（P＜0. 05）. Conclusion The CT values of N gene and ORF1ab fragment of SARS-CoV-2 virus detected by the two instruments have strong correlation and agreement, indicating that either of the instrument can be used for laboratory sample detection and analysis. The repeatability of Q5 analyzer is better than that of Bole analyzer. The detection stability of ORF fragments of both instruments is better than that of N gene, and the detection sensitivity of Q5 analyzer for N gene is higher than that for ORF fragment. The sample tubes should be placed in the middle of the PCR machine in order to reduce the system error.
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Cytokine storm is one of the mechanisms causing acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure in COVID-19. As an important prognostic factor, cytokines have gradually become a hotspot in the research on treatment of COVID-19 in recent years. Based on literature regarding the key cytokines, related signaling pathways and existing therapeutic drugs of COVID-19 cytokine storm, this article summarizes the therapeutic drugs for COVID-19 that block the cytokine storm signaling pathways. After summarizing and analyzing the latest research results, it is proposed that therapeutic drugs with stronger targeting capacity could be the focus of COVID-19 drug development in the future, and different treatment regimens should be adopted for different patients.
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Forests today constitute nearly one third of land cover worldwide, sequester nearly a third of carbon dioxide, and promote, maintain and restore health and wellbeing. Recent research has begun to unravel the therapeutic effects of forest environments. Reported benefits of forest therapy include mental health, cognitive function, the immune system, glycaemic control, pain relief, and hypertension. There is some evidence that biogenic volatile organic compounds emanating from trees themselves, so-called phytoncides, may also exert an antihypertensive effect. Decreases in objective measures of anxiety and depression have been attributed to forest environment exposure, with significantly lower scores on the profile and mood state questionnaire in the negative subscales of tension-anxiety, depression, anger-hostility, fatigue, and confusion. Limitations in the evidence base include small sample sizes, lack of research into long-term health effects, inconsistency around dose reproducibility and forest/woodland typology. The benefits to public health from investment in more detailed research could be a cost-effective strategy to mitigate the expensive burden of cardiovascular disease and mental illness on society, particularly in the wake of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Isolating the elements of the forest-bathing experience responsible for its health benefits is difficult, although some evidence suggests that it may be a composite product of pleasant green scenery, soil, fresh air, sunlight, clean water, sounds of streams and waterfalls, bird song and the natural aromas of trees, plants, and flowers. The concept of green prescriptions is still in its infancy. With a greater awareness of the health benefits of forest immersion, the future medical consultation is likely to incorporate specific questions on this aspect of a patient's lifestyle. There may be a role for forest therapists who can counsel patients about the optimal intensity and duration of forest exposure for their individual health needs.
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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus（RSV） before and after the COVID-19 epidemic in Guangzhou in recent years. Methods Nasopharynx swabs from hospitalized patients with acute respiratory infection were collected from two sentinel hospitals in Guangzhou（Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University） from 2018 to 2022. Luminex respiratory multi-pathogen detection technology was used to detect and type RSV in samples. Results A total of 1 243 nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected. The overall positive rate of RSV was 6. 11%（76/1 243）, including 39 RSV-A（51. 32%, 39/76） and 37 RSV-B（48. 68%, 37/76）. The highest detection rate of RSV in children under 3 years old was 8. 79%（66 cases）. Compared with 2018（8. 30%, 22/265） and 2020（14. 78%, 30/203）, the positive rate of RSV decreased significantly in 2019（3. 13%, 10/319）, 2021（4. 08%, 10/245） and 2022（1. 90%, 4/211）. Compared with 2018（8. 30%,22/265） and 2020（14. 78%,30/203）,the positive rate of RSV decreased significantly in 2019（3. 13%,10/319）, 2021（4. 08%,10/245） and 2022（1. 90%,4/211）. Type A prevailed in 2018（19/22） and 2022（4/4）, type B（25/30） prevailed in 2020, type A and type B coexisted in 2019 and 2021. The detection rate showed had no statistically significant seasonal difference except for 2020 [7. 14%（3/42）, 16. 39%（10/61）, 27. 12%（16/59）, 0（0/42）,χ~2= 16. 975,P＜0. 001]. Among all the 76 RSV positive samples, 17（22. 37%） showed multiple infections. Among them, human rhinovirus was the most common virus causing mixed infection, accounting for 58. 83%（10/17） of the mixed infection. Conclusion RSV is a common respiratory virus prevalent in Guangzhou, and children under 3 years old are the main population infected with RSV. RSV infection is prevalent every other year, with the characteristics of alternating epidemic of type A and type B, and the anti-seasonal epidemic appeared after the COVID-19. After the outbreak of COVID-19, the detection rate of RSV increased significantly in 2020. With the change of the national COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control policy, the detection rate of RSV declined significantly during 2021-2022.
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Since 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has caused a large number of infections and deaths worldwide. Vaccines and drugs treating SARS-CoV-2 have played an important role in pandemic control. After the infection peak, the society has returned to its normal status recently. However, with variants of the virus still being prevalent both in China and abroad, the research on vaccines and anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs are still indispensable. This article summarized the characteristics and clinical trial results of inactivated vaccine, live attenuated vaccine, recombinant protein vaccine, viral vector vaccine, nucleic acid vaccine, virus-like particle vaccine, and reviewed the progress in research on anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs both at home and abroad.
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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment options, including the potential use of psychedelic-assisted therapy, are reviewed. Traditional PTSD treatment remains ineffective for many, and includes, trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy, eye movement desensitization and remodeling, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Evidence has shown that with further supportive research, psychedelic-assisted therapy may offer an alternative treatment option.
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Objective To identify the pathogen and track the genetic source of a cluster of cases with fever in a kindergarten in Fengtai district during the normalization of COVID-19 prevention and control in Beijing.Methods A descriptive analysis method was used to investigate this cluster of cases with fever in April 2021.Pharyngeal swabs were collected and viral nucleic acid was extracted, real-time PCR was performed to identify SARS-CoV-2 and other common respiratory virus. G gene of human metapneumovirus（hMPV） was amplified by RT-PCR and was then sequenced. BioEdit was used for G gene sequence analysis and the Neighbor-Joining model in MEGA 5. 0 software was used to construct the phylogenic tree of G gene. Results A total of 16 cases were reported in one class with the incidence of 53. 3%（16/30） during 8 days of a cluster outbreak. All pharyngeal swabs collected from 12 cases were tested SARS-CoV-2 negative, six were found to be hMPV positive by multiplex-PCR, and one was positive for both human adenovirus and hMPV. Full-length sequences of G genes were obtained from 2 strains of hMPV. Sequence analysis showed that both strains were hMPV B2 and the nucleic acid homology of G gene was 96. 73%-98. 01% with strains from Japan（LC337940, LC337935, LC1922349） in 2016 and over 98. 40%with strains from Shandong（OL625642, OL625644） in 2019, Henan MN944096 in 2019.Compared with the amino acid sequence of hMPV-B2 reference strain（AY297748）, six amino acid insertions containing EKEKEK were identified between 161-166 amino acid location and N-glycosylation of G protein analysis showed that the two strains had four N-glycosylation sites. Conclusions The leading pathogen for this cluster outbreak is found to be hMPV-B2, which are highly homologous with strains from Japan, Shandong and Henan. Therefore, a non-stop surveillance of hMPV is necessary during the normalization control and prevention period for COVID-19.
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<Positive> In January 2023 (from 0:00 on January 1, 2023 to 24:00 on January 31), a total of 249 324 notifiable infectious diseases were reported nationwide (excluding Hong Kong, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan, the same below). For example, 2 158 people died. Among them, no cases of morbidity or death were reported for Class A infectious diseases. Among Class B infectious diseases, there are no reports of morbidity and death in infectious atypical pneumonia, polio, human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza, diphtheria, schistosomiasis, and human infection with H7N9 avian influenza. Except for the new coronavirus infection, the remaining 20 A total of 184,750 cases of Class B infectious diseases were reported, and 2,158 deaths were reported. The top 5 diseases with the highest number of reported cases were viral hepatitis (89 719 cases reported, 32 deaths reported), tuberculosis (53 730 cases reported, 327 deaths reported), syphilis (28 708 cases reported, 3 deaths were reported), gonorrhea (4 762 reported cases, 0 reported deaths) and brucellosis (reported cases, reported deaths), accounted for 97% of the total number of reported cases of Class B infectious diseases.
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In order to further improve the medical treatment of severe cases of new coronavirus infection and effectively improve the level of standardized and homogeneous diagnosis and treatment, the National Health Commission and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine combined the characteristics of the omecroron mutant strain and the infection According to the disease characteristics of patients, summarizing the previous medical treatment experience, the organization revised the "Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for Severe and Critical Cases of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Trial Version 3)", and formed the "Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for Novel Coronavirus Infection Severe Cases (Trial Version 4th)" Version) (hereinafter referred to as the "Program"). The key revisions are as follows: 1. Adjust the name of the disease from "new coronavirus pneumonia" to "new coronavirus infection".
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In order to guide all localities to do a good job in the prevention and control of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) after the implementation of "Class B and B Control", this plan is formulated in accordance with the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases". 1. Guiding principles Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, adhere to the principle of "prevention first, combination of prevention and treatment, scientific law, classification and classification", adhere to the combination of normalized prevention and control and emergency response during epidemics, and compact "Quartet Responsibility" improves the sensitivity of monitoring and early warning, strengthens the protection of key populations, realizes the work goal of "protecting health and preventing severe illness", protects people's life safety and health to the greatest extent, and minimizes the impact of the epidemic on economic and social development.